Signal processing with the maxq multiplyaccumulate unit mac. The vector mac can perform one 64spl times64, two 32spl times32, four 16spl times16, or eight 8spl times8 bit signedunsigned multiply using essentially the same hardware as a scalar 64bit mac and with only a small increase in delay. In this paper, a floating point multiply and accumulate unit is designed using ancient mathematics that reduces the number of partial products to be added as. Firstly, multiplier computes the given number output and the result is. Pdf design of efficient reversible multiply accumulate mac unit. The hardware unit that performs the operation is known as a multiplieraccumulator mac. To realize the areaefficient and high speed mac unit proposed in this work, first we examine the critical delays and hardware complexities of conventional mac architectures to derive at a. Low power multiply accumulate unit mac for dsp applications. I have a mac unit for a transport triggered architecture processor, but for some reason. High speed and areaefficient multiply accumulate mac unit for.
Module introduction purpose this training module covers 68kcoldfire architecture objectives explain the features of the v2, v3, v4, v4e, v5, and v5e coldfire cores. Firstly it computes the product of given numbers and forward the result for the second stage operation i. Low complexity multiplyaccumulate units for convolutional. In contrast the current paper provides much greater detail and analysis, and evaluates our pasm unit in the context of a convolutional neural. Design of high speed mac multiply and accumulate unit.
An arithmetic unit for selectively implementing one of a multiply and multiply accumulate instruction, including a multiplier, addition circuitry, a result register, and accumulator circuitry. The addition circuitry for receiving multiplication terms from the multiplier and operable to. Thus, the output of the multiplier is stored in registers in each cycle. Mac unit performs multiplication and accumulation process.
Design of square and multiply and accumulatemac unit by. The power analysis for mac unit is carried out for image filtering application exploiting insignificant bits in pixel values. Double throughput multiplyaccumulate unit for flexcore. A mac unit is simply one of the main units in all digital signal processors which performs the multiplication of two numbers of any radix and accumulates the byproducts in order. In most systems using digital signal processing multiply accumulate mac is one of the main functions. This chapter describes the mcf5307 multiply accumulate mac unit, which executes integer multiply, multiply accumulate, and miscellaneous register instructions. Digital signal processing, multiplyaccumulate unit, wireless sensor network. The multiplication accumulation mac operation is the main computational kernel in digital signal processing dsp architectures. Review on multiplyaccumulate unit semantic scholar.
Speedup of a large wordwidth highspeed asynchronous. Conventionally a mac unit is made up of a chain of a multiplier and an accumulate adder, with a pipeline register in between, and an accumulate register for data feedback. The performance of the whole system depends on the performance of the mac units. Photonic multiplyaccumulate operations for neural networks.
Multiplyaccumulate architecture using carry save adder. The mac is integrated into the operand execution pipeline oep. Design of multiply and accumulate unit using vedic. The vector mac can perform one 64spl times64, two 32spl times32, four 16spl times16, or eight 8spl times8 bit signedunsigned. This is also called as parallel multiplier by using the techniques of wallace tree 4 and booth algorithm 1. I get the point that in dsp processing mac units are required but that is about it. The speed of mac depends greatly on the multiplier. Pdf high speed and areaefficient multiply accumulate mac unit. Abstract a high speed and areaefficient merged multiply accumulate mac units is proposed in this work. A unified multiplyaccumulate unit for pairingbased.
When the multiply accumulate unit result needs to be removed so that the unit can operate as a multiplier, the first of the abovereferenced instructions is implemented. Multiply and multiply accumulate the multiply instructions make use of special hardware that implements integer multiplication. A 175mv multiplyaccumulate unit using an adaptive supply. This article provides a dtmf example of how the mac module in a typical maxq microcontroller can be used to solve realworld probl. For high speed mac unit, faster adder and multiplier circuits are required. Multiply accumulate is a common operation that computes the product of two numbers and adds that product to an accumulator. Multiply and multiply accumulate arm information center. C166s v1 multiply accumulate unit infineon technologies. In recent years, multiply accumulate mac unit is developing for various high performance applications. A new architecture for multipleprecision floatingpoint multiply add fused unit design libo huang, li shen, kui dai, zhiying wang school of computer national university of defense technology changsha, 410073, p. Preethy department of computer science georgia state university 30 pryor st. Praveena guideassistant professor abstract this paper proposed the design of multiply and accumulate mac unit using the techniques of ancient indian vedic mathematics that have been modified to improve performance.
Pdf design of efficient reversible multiply accumulate mac. A new architecture for multipleprecision floatingpoint. The multiply accumulate unit mac is the main computational kernel in dsp architectures. Using these two instructions means that the multiply accumulate unit can switch between operating as a multiplier and a multiply accumulate unit. Review on design of low power multiply and accumulate. A mac unit, specialized to perform 2d convolution, is designed following the proposed approach and implemented in tsmc 40nm technology in four different configurations. Pdf an approximate multiplyaccumulate unit with low power. Pdf the multiplication and accumulation are the vital operations involved in almost all the digital signal processing applications. Bridged floatingpoint fused multiplyadd design pdf. The hardware unit that performs the operation is known as a multiplieraccumulator mac, or mac unit. Design of multiply and accumulate unit using vedic multiplication techniques v.
In present day mac unit is demanded in most of the digital signal processing. The multiplyaccumulate mac operation calculates the product of two numbers and adds the result to an accumulator. It provides superb support for the execution of dsp operations within the context of a single processor at a minimal hardware cost. I was looking for a lower level explanation of the mac unit and operations. Design and implementation of multiply accumulate unit for large arithmetic unit operations m. Speedup of a large wordwidth highspeed asynchronous multiply and accumulate unit liang zhou member ieee and scott c. Swift and approximate multiply and accumulate unit for embedded dsp applications. Digital signal processors dsps are very important in various engineering disciplines.
This work presents 64bit fixedpoint vector multiply accumulator mac architecture capable of supporting multiple precisions. Unit this chapter describes the mcf5307 multiply accumulate mac unit, which executes integer multiply, multiplyaccumulate, and miscellaneous register instructions. Design of efficient reversible multiply accumulate mac unit. Using these two instructions means that the multiplyaccumulate unit can switch between operating as a multiplier and a multiplyaccumulate unit. Developing high speed and low power mac is crucial to use dsp in the future wsn. Mac determines the speed and improves the performance of the entire system6. Review on design of low power multiply and accumulate unit. High speed and areaefficient multiply accumulate mac unit for digital signal prossing application a. Explain the features and functionality of the floating point unit fpu, memory management unit mmu, multiplyaccumulate unit mac, and the enhanced multiplyaccumulate unit emac. Traditional microcontrollers and digital signal processors dsps are sometimes viewed as. A poweraware variableprecision multiply accumulate unit. Explain the features and functionality of the floating point unit fpu, memory management unit mmu, multiply accumulate unit mac, and the enhanced multiply accumulate unit emac. Design of 16bit floating point multiply and accumulate unit. A unified multiply accumulate unit for pairingbased cryptography over prime, binary and ternary fields tobias vejda.
Fpga implementation of low power and high speed 64bit. Design of fast floating point multiply accumulate unit using. The article of claim 6, wherein the first multiply accumulate operation comprises a single instructionmultiple data simd operation. This paper proposed the design of square and multiply and accumulatemac unit using the techniques of ancient indian vedic mathematics that have been modified to improve performance.
Coldfire architecture cores print nxp semiconductors. Basic mac unit consists of multiplier, adder, and accumulator. Multiply accumulate mac unit easily explained been looking for a good explanation on mac operations but i found nothing that satisfies my curiosity. An approximate multiply accumulate unit with low power and reduced area. Keywords reversible mac unit is discussed in section 4. Mac unit is a fundamental block in the computing devices, especially digital signal processor dsp. In computing, especially digital signal processing, the multiply accumulate operation is a common step that computes the product of two numbers and adds that product to an accumulator. The maxq multiplier is a true multiplyaccumulate unit. If both the computing is executed in a single rounding then it is said to be fused multiplyaddaccumulate mac unit. Vedic mathematics is the ancient system of mathematics which has a unique technique of calculations based on 16 sutras. Rolla school of electrical engineering and computer science department of electrical and computer engineering box 162450 123 emerson electric co. Design and implementation of multiply accumulate unit for. Null convention multiply and accumulate unit with conditional. The multiplier arranged to receive first and second operands and operable to generate multiplication terms.
Multiply accumulate mac unit is designed by using multipliers and adders both will be joined by an accumulate unit. A 175mv multiply accumulate unit using an adaptive supply voltage and body bias asb architecture published in. An approximate multiplyaccumulate unit with low power and reduced area. The work proposes a new multiply and accumulate mac processing unit structure that is highly suitable for ondevice convolutional neural networks c. Department of computer science, university of bristol, bristol, bs8 1ub, u. Multiplyaccumulate operation wikipedia republished. Conference paper pdf available july 2019 with 246 reads. A highperformance and lowpower 32bit multiplyaccumulate unit. Mac unit performs both multiply and addition functions. Z unit is made up of a multiplier and an accumulator as shown in fig. I should have suggested multiplyaccumulate operation among the alternative noun forms. This training module covers 68kcoldfire architecture objectives explain the features of the v2, v3, v4, v4e, v5, and v5e coldfire cores. Multiply and accumulate unit using vedic multiplier.
Multiply and accumulate unit using vedic multiplier august 30th, 2017 multiply accumulate mac unit is designed by using multipliers and adders both will be joined by an accumulate unit the applications of mac unit are digital signal processors microprocessors and logic units and mac. Many of the modern deep learning, machine learning, and artificial intelligence algorithms use adders, multipliers, and multiply. The mac unit is a unit that is mostly demanded in dsp applications. In the present conventional circuits, the multiply accumulate unit multiplies the two operands, adds the product to the previously accumulated result and stores back the new result in the accumulator all in a single clock cycle.
Design and performance analysis of multiplyaccumulate. Nahmias et al photonic multiply accumulate operations for neural networks 7701518 domain to the photonic domain and back. This paper presents the design and implementation of 16bit floating point multiply and accumulate mac unit. The work proposes a new multiplyandaccumulate mac processing unit structure that is highly suitable for ondevice convolutional neural networks c. In computing, especially digital signal processing, the multiplyaccumulate operation is a common step that computes the product of two numbers and adds that product to an accumulator. Design of fast floating point multiply accumulate unit. Multiplyaccumulate operation wikipedia republished wiki 2.
Us7107305b2 multiplyaccumulate mac unit for single. Multiply accumulate unit general architecture of a mac unit is shown in to the figure 1. The inputs for the multiply accumulate mac unit are fetched from memory location and fed to multiplier block of the mac, which will perform multiplication and give the result to adder. Multiply accumulate mac unit easily explained i get the point that in dsp processing mac units are required but that is about it. Performing the same operation in the maxq architecture shrinks code space from 12 words to 9 words, and execution time is reduced. This paper proposed the design of multiply and accumulate mac unit using the techniques of ancient indian vedic mathematics that have been modified to improve performance. Architecture and implementation of a vectorsimd multiply accumulate unit abstract. In the modular maxq architecture, a singlecycle 16x16 multiply accumulate unit mac is added to facilitate simple signal processing on the control processor. Null convention multiply and accumulate unit with conditional rounding, scaling, and saturation s.
The enhacement multiply accumulate emac module, based on the original mac, but is optimized for 32 x 32 bit operations. The developed technique is found to reduce dynamic power consumption by analyzing the bit patterns in. Pdf an approximate multiplyaccumulate unit with low. Feed forwardcutsetfree pipelined multiplyaccumulate. Design of high speed mac multiply and accumulate unit based. Hardware accelerators have been proposed for cnns which typically contain large numbers of multiplyaccumulate mac units, the multipliers of. The multiplyaccumulate mac unit, alu, and barrel shifter are separate but cannot, switching for interrupt processing. The design of low power high performance multiply and accumulate mac unit is presented in this paper. Faster additions and multiplications are of extreme. Architecture and implementation of a vectorsimd multiply. Generally mac unit consists of three u floatingpoint multiplier, adder and an accumulator. High speed and areaefficient multiply accumulate mac.
The applications of mac unit are digital signal processors, microprocessors, and logic units and. During the first execute stage of a multiply instruction, the multiplier and multiplicand operands are read onto the a an. Function of addition and multiplication is performed by the mac unit. Implementation of static and semistatic versions of a 24. The memory management unit mmu, which provides virtualtophysical address. When the multiplyaccumulate unit result needs to be removed so that the unit can operate as a multiplier, the first. In this paper, a novel reversible multiply accumulate unit is proposed. Multiplyaccumulate mac unit with 32bit accumulator to support 16. In the static state, the previous values are held, so as to avoid any switching from occurring in. If you need extended precision, you can address the mac units 40bit accumulator includes 8 guard bits as two 16bit and one 8bit register and individually copy the contents. The maxq multiplier is a true multiply accumulate unit. Multiply accumulate mac unit consists of multiplier, adder and an accumulator. Signal processing with the maxq multiplyaccumulate unit. The mac unit determines the power and the speed of the overall system.